Certified Cardiovascular Technician Practice Exam

If a patient is unresponsive and pulseless, what is the first step according to the adult BLS algorithm?

1. Check for a blood pressure

2. Start CPR immediately

3. Call a code and start CPR at a ratio of 30:2

4. Wait for a doctor

The correct answer is: Call a code and start CPR at a ratio of 30:2

In the scenario where a patient is unresponsive and pulseless, the first action according to the adult Basic Life Support (BLS) algorithm is to call for help and initiate CPR. This involves starting chest compressions at a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breaths. The rationale is straightforward: in cases of cardiac arrest, immediate intervention through CPR is crucial for preserving brain function and increasing the chances of survival. Beginning CPR provides vital blood flow to the organs, particularly the brain and heart, while awaiting advanced medical support. Calling for help simultaneously ensures that trained personnel can be alerted to the emergency, which may lead to the use of advanced life support measures, such as defibrillation, as soon as possible. Checking for a blood pressure or waiting for a doctor delays essential lifesaving efforts, as immediate action is paramount when dealing with a cardiac emergency. The compression and ventilation ratio is designed to maximize efficiency and effectiveness in resuscitation efforts, thus it is essential to start with prompt CPR, rather than waiting or checking for other signs of life first.